Vocabulary Menu Chapter 3 & 5
Industrial Revolution & Progressivism
Quinton Buckley per.5๐ฉ
Key Termsโ๐พ
American Industrial Revolution:
When the civil war ended Americans left the farming life and went to the cities to work in mines and factories. This led to more jobs and more housing.
Laissez Faire:
The government had little to no control over industries. Which led to owners mistreating their workers.
Trust:
A group of corporations run by one board of directors. This was a loop hole to get around the monopoly being illegal law. But trust is still a monopoly.
Robber Barron:
A businessmen who used ruthless business tactics. They stole from the public, bribed officials, and mistreated their workers.
Vertical Integration:
A company owns all aspects of a product from start to finish. So instead of paying outside companies they save money cause everything they use they own.
Horizontal Integration:
This is when a company buys out the competition to gain market share. This is basically another form of monopoly.
Political Machine:
An organization where a boss or a small group commands the support of supporters and businesses
Ellis Island:
A small island in New York Harbor. It was a processing center for immigrants arriving on the east coast in 1892.
Tenements:
A dark crowded multi-family apartments. Most of the city livers lived in tenements.
Ethnic Enclaves:
Immigrants usually lived in the cities. They lived in neighborhoods that was separated into ethnic groups.
Gilded Age:
A term coined by Mark Twain for the industrial revolution. It means that from the outside it looks shiny and golden but when you take a closer look it's actually gross and ruined down.
Social Darwrinism:
A social theory that tries to adapt natural selection an applies it to society. They used this to explain property and why there was more power in certain races.
Americanization:
Is assimilation. Which making immigrants or native american be more "civilize" or making them a custom to they way an American acts.
Populist Party:
A moment for farmers to increase their political power. Because they had no voice in politics.
Gospel of Wealth:
An essay written by Andrew Carnegie. It talked about how the rich americans should pay higher taxes and that they had the responsibility to donate money to further social progress.
Social Gospel Movement:
When religious people worked to improve conditions in the cities to fit the biblical ideals of charity and justice.
Progressivism:
A philosophy based on the Idea of progress that expresses the want for advancement in technology.
Mucktracker:
Reform-minded American journalists who wrote largely for all popular magazines.
Biography Map๐จโ๐ฉโ๐งโ๐ฆ
John D Rockefeller(1839-1937):
The founder of the Standard Oil Company. He became the richest man in the world. In 1911 the Supreme Court found him guilty of violating the anti-trust laws.
Andrew Carnegie(1835-1919):
Gained a fortune from the steel industry. He was a major philanthropist.
JP Morgan(1837-1913):
Financed railroads and helped organize U.S Steel, General Electric and other companies.
Cornelius Vanderbuilt(1839-1937):
A shipping and railroad tycoon. He was a self made millionaire. He was also one of the wealthiest men of his time.He was the largest steamship operator then he gave it all away to make an empire in railroads.
Thomas Edison(1847-1979):
He invited the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. The light Bulb is what made him most famous although he didn't invent it he just re-designed it.
Henry Ford(1863-1947):
Henry Ford made up the assembly line to make products cheaper and faster to produce. He also made the first affordable car.
Samuel Gompers(1850-1924):
The first president of the AFL. His plain and simple approach to labor relations helped union become accepted.
William "Boss" Tweed(1823-1878):
A famous politician known for bribing and corrupting the government. Also he would clean neighborhoods and give people assistance for their vote.
Upton Sinclair(1878-1968):
Famous for his book The Jungle which talked about the meat package industry and how bad it was. Because of the book the M.I.A act was passed and put into action.
Jacob Riis(1849-1914)
A muckraking journalist. He was also a social reformer and wrote books. His books showed people how living conditions in New York were.
Theodore Roosevelt(1858-1919):
The 26th American president. He was also an author, a statesman, naturalist and a reformer. He was the lead force of the progressive era.
William Taft(1857-1930):
Was the 27th President of the United States and then 10th Chief Justice. He took over the republican party from Teddy Roosevelt.
Important Acts, Amendments, & Court Cases๐
Meat Inspection Act:
An Act inspired by Sinclair's book The Jungle. The book exposed the Meat Industry and their horrible ways.
Children Bureau 1912:
The first national agency. It was created to focus on the children and their needs and their health.
17th Amendment:
United States Constitution established the popular election of United States Senators.
Heres a cool song about the Industrial Revolution :))
Altered Status Quo - The Industrial Revolution Song