History of Computing
Everything You Need To Know About The History Of Computers
Input Device
device that can be used to insert data into a computer or other computational device
- Keyboard: Keyboard is inputting data to the computer.
- Mouse: Mouse is most popular pointing device.
- Joy Stick: Joystick is a pointing device which is used to move cursor position on a monitor screen.
- Light pen: Light pen is a pointing device which is similar to a pen.
- Track Ball: Track ball is an input device that is mostly used in notebook or laptop computer, instead of a mouse.
- Scanner: Scanner is an input device which works more like a photocopy machine.
- Microphone: MICR input device is generally used in banks because of a large number of cheques to be processed every day.
- Optical Character Reader(OCR): OCR is an input device used to read a printed text. OCR scans text optically character by character.
- Bar Code Reader: Bar Code Reader is a device used for reading bar coded data (data in form of light and dark lines).
- Optical Mark Reader(OMR): OMR is a special type of optical scanner used to recognize the type of mark made by pen or pencil.
Output Device
- Monitors: Monitors, commonly called as Visual Display Unit (VDU), are the main output device of a computer.
- Graphic Plotter:
- Laser Printer: These are non-impact page printers. They use laser lights to produce the dots needed to form the characters to be printed on a page.
- Impact printer: The impact printers print the characters by striking them on the ribbon which is then pressed on the paper.
- Printer: Printer is an output device, which is used to print information on paper.
Processing and Hardware
- CPU is a Processing in a computer system is handled by the Central Processing Unit.
- RAM random access memory, RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and other devices.
- power supply is an electronic device that supplies electric energy to an electrical load
- Network Card contains the electronic circuitry required to communicate.
- Graphics Card display screen a printed circuit board that controls the output to a display screen
- Mother Board , baseboard, planar board or logic board.
- Hard Drive disk drive used to read from and write to a hard disk.
Alan Turing
Alan Turing (1912 - 1954) was an English groundbreaking computer scientist. Often referred to as the father of theoretical computer science Alan Turing was also a world leader in artificial intelligence. During World War II, he worked for the Government Code and Cypher School where Alan Turing would become most famous for being the person to break the code enabling the reading of the Enigma machine.
Binary Code
A binary code represents text or computer processor instructions using the binary number system's two binary digits, 0 and 1. The binary code assigns a bit string to each symbol.
00001= A00010= B
00100= C
01000= D
10000=E
Alan Turing
Alan Turing was a mathematician, cryptographer, and a pioneer of computer science. Today, Turing may best be known for his work at Bletchley Park during World War II, and his part in breaking the German Enigma code.
Network
A computer network or data network is a telecommunications network which allows computers to exchange data. In computer networks, networked computing devices exchange data with each other using a data link. The connections between nodes are established using either cable media or wireless media.
Three different types of network
There is the Bus network, Ring network and Star network
Ring network: Each network must pass trough all the computers.
Bus network: The security of the network is very low and it's very easy to set up
Star network: If a computer breaks the network goes down.