UNIT 6
Age Of Revolution
Absolutism
- A political system in which a ruler holds total power.
Divine Right
- Belief that God chooses the king or person in power.
King Louis XIV
Government was a monarch which means he had total power. Religion he had all control over what people worshiped. Culture they make France predominant power in Europe and achieve military goal.
Tsar Peter the Great
Government is a absolute monarch had divine right to rule. Religion was a Russian orthodox. Culture introduced western customs practices and manners into Russia.
Revolutions Causes and Results
- England (1689) - The king and parliament disagreed about who ruled England. War ripped apart old beliefs about the divine right.
- United States (1776) - French and Indian War lead the American revolution over land. The outcome the second continental congress stopped seeking revolution with England and chose to declare independence.
- France (1789) - The French Revolution marked the end of Europe's old order of world domination. The French revolution contributed to the rise of nationalism because of them fighting as one nation.
- Haiti (1791) - The revolution that freed slaves. New ruler was proclaimed and freed slaves lead the new nation of Haiti.
- Latin America (1808 - 1825) - Due to unfair economic policies. Guaranteed independence of new Latin american nations.
Napoleon
RISE TO POWER
- Peace with catholic church helped him gain support among landowners lead to him gaining power over France.
FALL FROM POWER
- Due to him never defeating Britain and his invading Russia in 1812 and the spread of then French empire spreading foreign oppressor grew bitter towards him. the battle of Waterloo was the last straw when once again the French were defeated by Britain.
Industrial Revolution
- The shift in England during the 18th century went from making goods by hand to making them with machines.
- Resources needed were Flying Shutter, Spinning Jenny, Water Power, and Steam Engine.
- Nations became wealthy
- Luxuries became common
- Created jobs
- Cities became better places to live
- Raised standards of living
- Work conditions improved
- Created a demand for education
Urbanization
- Cities were built and people migrated for new job opportunities.
Adam Smith
Wrote a book called "The Wealth of Nations" which defended the idea of a free economy
THREE LAWS FROM THE BOOK
- law of self-people work for their own good
- Competition-forces people to make better products
- Supply and Demand-goods produced at lowest price to meet demand
Karl Marx
Wrote a book called "The Communist Manifesto" which introduced Marxism
CLASSES OF PEOPLE
- Upper, haves, (owned everything the lower class worked)
- middle/Bourgeoisie,haves
- Lower/proletarians,have nots