The Subjunctive
What is the Subjunctive?
Concept: You will use this type of verb to explain or express your emotions, to persuade someone or of something that is expected that has not occurred yet.
*Below is a ten minute video that describes some of the forms in the Spanish subjunctive*
Formula
Verb 1
- represents persuasion, emotion, doubt, denial or disbelief
- Regularly conjugated in the indicative
Verb 2
- the verb conjugated in the Subjunctive
Conjugations of Regular Verbs : -ER/-IR
yo~a
tú~as
ella, él, usted~a
Nosotros~amos
Vosotros~áis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~an
You will conjugate this verb by taking three steps:
1) Go to the indicative yo form: Como
2) Drop the "o" off the end: com_
3) Place the appropriate ending on the end: Coma
An example is:
Comer
yo~coma
tú~comas
ella, él, usted~coma
Nosotros~comamos
Vosotros~comáis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~coman
~
Conjugations of Regular Verbs: -AR
yo~e
tú~es
ella, él, usted~e
Nosotros~emos
Vosotros~éis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~en
You will conjugate this verb by taking three steps:
1) Go to the indicative yo form: estudio
2) Drop the "o" off the end: estudi_
3) Place the appropriate ending on the end: Estudie
An example is:
Estudiar
yo~estudie
tú~estudes
ella, él, usted~estude
Nosotros~estudemos
Vosotros~estudéis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~estuden
Stem Changing Verbs- e:i
For example:
Pedir
yo~pida
tú~pidas
ella, él, usted~pida
Nosotros~pidamos
Vosotros~pidáis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~pidan
Stem Changing Verbs- e:ie
For Example:
Pensar
yo~piense
tú~pienses
ella, él, usted~piense
Nosotros~pensemos
Vosotros~penséis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~piensen
There also is another rule for stem changing verbs or this type. You will still replace the "e" in the stem of the verb and replace it with "ie", but this happens the exclude the nosotros and vosotros forms of the verb. In this case, you will just replace the "ie" and/or "e" with just an "i"
For example:
Preferir
yo~prefiera
tú~prefieras
ella, él, usted~prefiera
Nosotros~prefiramos
Vosotros~prefiráis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~prefieran
*These verbs are referred to as boot verb, since when a chart is created, the shape of the stem-changing verbs, creates a boot*
Stem Changing Verbs-o:ue
For these verbs, you will replace the "o" in the stem of the verb and replace it with "ue", but this happens the exclude the nosotros and vosotros forms of the verb. In this case, you will just replace the "ue" and/or "o" with just an "u"
For example:
Dormir
yo~duerma
tú~duermas
ella, él, usted~duerma
Nosotros~durmamos
Vosotros~durmáis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~duerman
*These verbs are referred to as boot verb, since when a chart is created, the shape of the stem-changing verbs, creates a boot*
Irregular Verbs: -CAR
For example:
Sacar
yo~saque
tú~saques
ella, él, usted~saque
Nosotros~saquemos
Vosotros~saquéis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~saquen
Irregular Verbs: -GAR
For Example:
Cargar
yo~cargue
tú~cargues
ella, él, usted~cargue
Nosotros~carguemos
Vosotros~carguéis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~carguen
Irregular Verbs: -ZAR
For Example:
Organizar
yo~organice
tú~organices
ella, él, usted~organice
Nosotros~organicemos
Vosotros~organicéis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~organicen
Irregular Verbs: -DUCIR
For Example:
Conducir
yo~conduzca
tú~conduzcas
ella, él, usted~conduzca
Nosotros~conduzcamos
Vosotros~conduzcáis
Ellas, Ellos, Ustedes~conduzcan