H.I.V.
Sarah Zimmerle
Symptoms
Causes
Prevention and Treatment
Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) - which is where an HIV patient takes many medicines daily to treat it.
To prevent HIV, use condoms and do not share needles.
Photomicrograph of HIV
Steps of HIV Replication
1. Binding and Fusion- HIV binds with CD4 and CCR5 receptors. Once inside, it releases its genetic material into the cell.
2. Reverse Transcription- The enzyme, reverse transcription, changes the genetic material of the virus
3. Integration- The virus' new genetic material enters the nucleus of the CD4 cell and uses an enzyme called integrase to integrate itself into the cell's DNA.
4. Transcription- The virus uses the cell to create more of its own genetic material
5. Assembly- An enzyme cuts the longer HIV proteins into individual proteins
6. Budding- The virus pushes itself out of the cell, taking part of the membrane with it (so it can begin the process again.)
Helpers
- Immunoglobulin