Genetics
What makes you, you!
What is the study of Genetics??
*the branch of biology that studies heredity *heredity is the passing of characteristics from parent to offspring
Who discovered genetics and how did he do this?
- *Gregor Mendel discovered genetics
- *he studied pea plants for genetic traits and he was the first to succeed in predicting how traits would be transferred from one generation to the next
Dominant Vs. Recessive Alleles
**Dominant: *the allele that overpowers (masks) *is represented by an uppercase letter **Recessive: *the allele that gets overpowered (masked) *i srepresented by a lowercase letter
Heterozygous Vs. Homozygous
*Homozygous: two alleles of the same trait (GG or gg) *Heterozygous: two alleles for a trait that differ (Gg)
Phenotype Vs. Genotype
*Phenotype: the way the organism looks or behaves (physical) *Genotype: gene combinations for an organism (genetic)
Punnett Squares
**Phenotype: *black:75% *white: 25% **Genotype: *AA: 25% *Aa: 50% *aa: 25%
Incomplete Dominance
*phenotype of heterozygous idividuals is intermediate **ex: one red and one white flower come together and make one pink flower
Codominance
*phenotypes of both alleles are expressed equally **ex: one red flower and one white flower come together to make one red and white flower
Multiple Alleles
*an inheritance pattern in which traits are controlled by more than two alleles
Sex-Linked Traits
*characteristics determined by genes on sex chromosomes **x chromosome traits are more
Created by:
Morgan Valdez, Rachel Stender, and Andrea Starnes